Ablation is used to treat some types of rapid, irregular or abnormal heartbeats.
There are two types of ablation —radio frequency ablation (RFA) and cyro ablation. Your doctor will decide and advise which one of these two types of ablation will be used.
An intravenous line (IV) will be placed into a vein in your arm. This is for the medical team to administer medication throughout your procedure.
You will have an injection of local anaesthetic into your right groin. A very small incision will be made in the skin and your doctor will carefully pass the catheter through the vein into your heart.
Your doctor can see the catheter by using x-rays. Your doctor will locate your abnormal heartbeat in a particular area of the heart. The ablation catheters can ‘burn’ that part of the heart muscle and cause a scar to this area of the heart. When the scar forms, this will cut off the abnormal pathway and prevent further irregular heartbeats.
You may experience a mild burning feeling in your chest when the abnormal pathway is being cut off. The burning feeling will go away when the ablation stops.
You will be given a local anaesthetic before the procedure. Sedatives will also be given.
Any kind of procedure carries some element of risk, often very small and rare.
Your doctor has balanced the benefits and risks of carrying out the test against the benefits and risks of not proceeding. If your doctor has recommended this procedure, they believe there is benefit to you going ahead.
It’s important you understand the risks involved so you can make an informed decision.
Here are the most commonly reported risks and complications associated with a cardiac catheter ablation.
Common risks and complications (more than 5% of cases)
- Minor bruising at the puncture site
Uncommon risks and complications (1-5% of cases)
- Heart block-this may require a pacemaker
- Major bruising or swelling at the puncture site in rare cases this may require surgery
- A hole is accidentally made in the heart this may need drainage or surgery to repair
- Blood clot in the leg (deep vein thrombosis or DVT) causing pain and swelling-in rare cases the clot may break off and travel to the lungs
- Blood clot in the lung
- Skin injury from radiation, causing reddening of the skin